Approved Plant list

SOME HINTS ON RE-ESTABLISHING PLANT MATERIAL
ON EXPOSED BANKS AND VERGES AT ZIMBALI

Zimbali Coastal Forest Estate is situated on a sandy wind blown dune.  Residents and developers must understand that to remove vegetation during any phase of construction is going to have a cost implication when it comes to re-vegetating these exposed areas.

In most cases the natural vegetation will colonise the disturbed area but to speed up this process it is advisable to replant with plants that occur on site. Firstly to keep the site looking the same after the construction as it did before development.  The second reason to use naturally occurring species of plants is to ensure that the insects and other forms of life that depend on these plants still have their host or food plants available to them once the wave of development has passed over the area.  It was, after all, the forested atmosphere that enticed you to purchase your plot here in the first place.

Zimbali has a huge variety of naturally occurring groundcovers. These plants provide food and shelter for browsing species of antelope like the Bushbuck and Blue Duiker. As the Estate becomes more developed the large natural spaces used for feeding will diminish forcing these animals to browse along road verges and your gardens.

Attached for your information are lists of a whole range of plants that are suited to the many differing “individual plot” conditions that can be found at Zimbali.

The problematic places are steep banks and shady areas.  A few pointers to assist you:

  • Seek professional help and ask the Zimbali Management Team for guidance.
  • The rule of thumb is to establish a plant cover as soon as possible.
  • Add good compost and in quantity to the soil before planting about 1 cubic metre of compost to around 10 square metres is a good rule of thumb.
  • Do not remove all the dead or decaying leaves, use these to mulch the soil and help retain much needed moisture.
  • Keep the newly planted plants well watered till they have produced new growths.
  • Remember that the best time for planting and establishing plants is from late August through to about mid-March.  It doesn’t mean to say that you cannot plant in the in between time, this time is our cooler, drier period and plants will not grow as vigorously as they do in the summer months.
  • One plant that will give you rapid growth and cover is the Creeping Foxglove (Asystasia gangetica), it can take full sun and shade.
  • The best lawn grass for the area is Berea Grass (Dactyloctenium australe) this grass prefers sun but will tolerate partial shade but no traffic over it, in the shade. These two will take exposed windy conditions.
  • It must be remembered that plants growing in shade cannot take trampling, so use two creeping species for banks like Dicliptera heterostegia and Droguetia iners for groundcovers.
  • When it is too shady for plant growth then use the natural leaf litter that accumulates on the forest floor as mulch.  The earthworms, pill millipedes and local Bush Squeaker Frogs will form queues to live on your property.

Geoff Nichols
January 2007

A PRELIMINARY LIST OF PLANT SPECIES FOR LANDSCAPERS AT THE ZIMBALI COASTAL FOREST ESTATE

Any plant with an F after its description is a species that is suitable for shady conditions

PLANT NAMES DESCRIPTION
TREES
ACACIA KARROO Pioneer tree full sun yellow pompom flowers great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
ACACIA KRAUSSIANA Creeper full sun catkins of cream flowers hedge plan great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
ACACIA ROBUSTA Large tree full sun white pompom flowers rounded shape great browsing for Bushbuck & Duiker  
ACACIA SIEBERIANA VAR. WOODII Large full sun flaking bark white pompoms flat, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
ACOKANTHERA OBLONGIFOLIA Shrub sun or shade white scented flowers red fruits poisonous milky sap  
ALOE BARBARAE Tree aloe, orange flowers in winter, good form plant sun and wind.  
ANTIDESMA VENOSUM Sun need more than one for fruits good for birds slow, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
APODYTES DIMIDIATA Fast tree pioneer sun red/black fruits good birds, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
BAPHIA RACEMOSA Slow shade & shelter white pea flowers scented multi-stemmed F
BERSAMA LUCENS Medium sized tree red fruits feed animals and birds  
BRACHYLAENA DISCOLOR Dune and forest pioneer use as a screening plant, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
BRIDELIA MICRANTHA Fast pioneer tree sun and damp good for birds, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
CANTHIUM INERME Fast straggly form birds shelter belt tree, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
CAPPARIS TOMENTOSA Creeper sun scented flowers fruits for birds butterflies F
CHAETACHME ARISTATA Large multi-stemmed tree shelter and fruit for wildlife thorny stems, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker F
CHIONANTHUS PEGLERAE Large tree, fruits for everything sun sheltered for best results, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
COMBRETUM KRAUSSII Forest tree multi-stemmed large  
COMMIPHORA HARVEYI Large tree sun dry areas shape and bark texture  
CORDIA CAFFRA Tree in dune forest deciduous texture bark good for birds  
CROTON SYLVATICUS Large tree deciduous good for everything sun, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
CRYPTOCARYA LATIFOLIA Large tree riverine edge damp areas large fruits for mammals and hornbills sun sheltered  
CRYPTOCARYA WOODII Multi-stemmed medium tree glossy green leaves birds F
CUSSONIA NICHOLSONII Small multi-stemmed form plant sun or shade fruits for  
CUSSONIA SPICATA Larger form tree good for birds sun  
DALBERGIA OBOVATA Scrambling shrub great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
DEINBOLLIA OBLONGIFOLIA Shrub multi-stemmed good for everything fruits sun, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
DIOSPYROS NATALENSIS Slow tree in sheltered areas sun or shade birds mammals F
DIOSPYROS VILLOSA Creeper foliage effect sun or shade  
DOMBEYA BURGESSIAE Shrub with white or pink flowers in late winter full sun  
DOMBEYA TILIACEA Shrub white flowers sun for best results  
DOVYALIS LONGISPINA Tree sun will take some wind birds fruit thorny hedge, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
PLANT NAMES DESCRIPTION  
DOVYALIS RHAMNOIDES Shrub multi-stemmed fruits for birds thorny sun  
DRYPETES NATALENSIS Slow tree in shelter more than one needed fruits for male and female F
EKEBERGIA CAPENSIS Large forest tree good fruits for birds and mammals, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
ENGLEROPHYTUM NATALENSE Forest understorey shrub shade fruit for everything, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker F
ERYTHRINA LYSISTEMON Medium tree sun flowers for birds texture, flowers browsed by Bushbuck & Duiker  
ERYTHROXYLUM EMARGINATUM Small tree for sheltered sun fruits for birds  
EUCLEA NATALENSIS Large tree birds sun some wind slow, fruits browsed by Bushbuck and Duiker.  
EUPHORBIA INGENS Large form plant coastal forest milky latex seed good for birds  
FICUS BURTT-DAVYII Scrambling form sun and in wind fruits for birds  
FICUS LUTEA Large tree flat-topped good for birds and mammals  
FICUS NATALENSIS Large tree in sun for birds and mammals  
FICUS POLITA Large tree for birds & mammals,  sun texture trunk  
FICUS SUR Large tree damp areas fruit for birds & mammals sun or shade  
GYMNOSPORIA ARENICOLA or G. BUXIFOLIA Hedge thorny shrub in dunes fruits for everything, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
HYPHAENE CORIACEA Large palm slow plant more than one texture blue green multi-stemmed fan leaves  
KRAUSSIA FLORIBUNDA Shrub full sun fruits for everything, fruit for mammals  
LAGYNIAS LASIANTHA Shrub in sheltered areas sun fruits for everything  
MANILKARA DISCOLOR Large tree fruits for everything great tree  
MAYTENUS PEDUNCULARIS Large tree sheltered sun fruits for birds  
MAYTENUS PROCUMBENS Dune shrub sun rapid growth takes wind  
MIMUSOPS CAFFRA Large tree windy areas fruits for birds and mammals  
OCHNA NATALITIA Medium tree slow yellow flowers sheltered areas F
PITTOSPORUM VIRIDIFLORUM Pioneer tree sun or wind fruits for birds  
PROTORHUS LONGIFOLIA Large tree pioneer sun fruits for everything  
PSYCHOTRIA CAPENSIS Shrub in shade but takes sun berries for birds and mammals red when ripe F
PSYDRAX OBOVATA Pioneer tree sun and wind good for birds and mammals  
RAWSONIA LUCIDA Tree in shade and shelter slow fruits good for everything F
RHUS CHIRINDENSIS Pioneer tree sun and exposed birds untidy look best in clumps  
RHUS NEBULOSA Dune scrambler best in sun birds for seeds  
SCLEROCARYA BIRREA Large tree deciduous sun fruit for everything takes wind  
SCUTIA MYRTINA Scrambler hedge sun thorny birds for fruit  
SIDEROXYLON INERME Sun slow tree for windy areas fruit for birds  
SPIROSTACHYS AFRICANA Tree large for dry areas full sun  
STRELITZIA NICOLAI Sun large shrubby like multi-stemmed good for birds  

PLANT NAMES

DESCRIPTION
STRYCHNOS GERRARDII Large tree sun sheltered area fruits for mammals  
STRYCHNOS SPINOSA Medium tree for exposed areas sun ornamental  
TABERNAEMONTANA VENTRICOSA Shade loving sheltered good for birds scented white flowers F
TECLEA GERRARDII Dune medium tree slow sun or shade fruit for birds  
TREMA ORIENTALIS Pioneer tree in sun sheltered position good for birds  
TRICALYSIA SONDERANA Pioneer dune shrub sun fruit for birds  
TRICHILIA DREGEANA Forest tree sheltered full sun birds and mammals  
TRICHILIA EMETICA Large tree for birds and mammals sun  
TRIMERIA GRANDIFOLIA Small to medium sized tree in sheltered areas in sun food for birds and insects  
TURRAEA FLORIBUNDA Medium tree for sheltered sun flowers and fruit for birds  
UVARIA CAFFRA Scrambler in dunes for birds sheltered semi shade F
VANGUERIA CHARTACEA subsp. RANDII Shrub for sheltered places in forest good F
VANGUERIA INFAUSTA Shrub full sun especially Village C Golf course  
XYLOTHECA KRAUSSIANA Medium tree slowish for everything white flowers  
ZANTHOXYLUM CAPENSE Medium tree for sun or shade texture trunk birds  
ZIZIPHUS MUCRONATA Large forest tree for birds & mammals good trunk thorny  
  SHRUBS
ACOKANTHERA OPPOSITIFOLIA Shrub for dunes sun for birds and mammals scented white flowers  
ACOKANTHERA OBLONGIFOLIA Shrub for dunes sun for birds and mammals  
ALOE ARBORESCENS Hedges orange flowers in Winter takes wind  
ALOE PLURIDENS Shade loving will grow in sun orange flowers in Winter F
ALOE THRASKII Upright species single stems dune endemic to our coast orange flowers in Winter full sun takes wind  
BAUHINIA TOMENTOSA Shrub sun good screen yellow flowers hedge plan  
CARISSA MACROCARPA Dune shrub scented  white flowers red fruits for birds hedging thorny  
CARISSA BISPINOSA Shrub in forest sheltered shade white scented flowers red small fruit slow hedge thorny F
CATUNAREGAM SPINOSA Multi-stemmed hedge good for mammals thorny sun  
CHRYSANTHEMOIDES MONILIFERA Shrub yellow flowers wind resistant good pioneer plant in dunes use this when all else fails full sun good for everything  
CLAUSENA ANISATA Shrub to small tree multi-stemmed fruits for everything  
CODDIA RUDIS Shrub multi-stemmed weeping habit good for birds sun  
DIOSPYROS LYCIOIDES Shrub in sun good for everything takes wind  
DRACAENA ALETRIFORMIS Form plant for shaded areas strap leaves nesting site for robins scented flowers F
EHRETIA RIGIDA Sun good for birds blue flowers weeping habit  
PLANT NAMES DESCRIPTION  
ERYTHRINA HUMEANA Shrub red flowers in summer form plant  

FICUS CAPREIFOLIA

Sun stream edges multi-stemmed good for birds  
GREWIA OCCIDENTALIS Scrambler for everything mauve star flowers  

GREWIA CAFFRA

Dune scrambler angular stems sun best yellow flowers  
PAVETTA LANCEOLATA Shrub sun multi-stemmed white flowers  
PAVETTA REVOLUTA Dune shrub sun  multi-stemmed white flowers  
PEDDIEA AFRICANA Dune shrub shade and sun yellow flowers evening scented F
PLECTRANTHUS ECKLONII Shade loving shrub mauve flowers Autumn F
ROTHECA MYRICOIDES Blue flowered spring multi-stemmed sun  
TECOMA CAPENSIS Scrambler full sun with orange flowers in winter, attracts insects, birds and mammals  
VANGUERIA INFAUSTA Sun shrub to small tree fruits for mammals  
GROUNDCOVERS
ANAMOTHECA LAXA NOW FREESIA LAXA Pink flowers in Spring small 30cm F
ANEILEMA AEQUINOCTIALE Yellow flowered “Wandering Jew” sun sheltered areas great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker F
ARISTEA ECKLONII Blue flowered iris sun 40cm  
ARISTEA WOODII Blue flowered sun 40cm similar to above both like damp spots  
ASCLEPIAS PHYSOCARPA Puff balls milkweed full sun insects pioneer plant  
ASYSTASIA GANGETICA Creeping white flowered sun or shade good for insects great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker F
ASPARAGUS DENSIFLORUS Dune groundcover red berries sun  
ASPARAGUS FALCATUS Dune creeper robust red berries barrier plant F
ASPARAGUS PLUMOSUS Fine leaved scrambler fruit for birds leaves for nest lining F
BARLERIA GUEINZII Pale blue flowered creeping drier areas full sun great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
BARLERIA OBTUSA Dune creeping blue flowers best in sun takes wind great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
CHLOROPHYTUM COMOSUM Shade loving tufted white flowers 60cm F
CLIVIA GARDENII Grow in shade tubular orange flowers in Winter F
CLIVIA MINIATA Shade orange trumpet flowers in Spring F
COLEOTRYPE NATALENSIS Blue flowered “Wandering Jew” upright form in shade F
CRINUM MACOWANII Large bulb lily pink flowers in spring deciduous  
CRINUM MOOREI Shade and sheltered pink flowers in Summer deciduous F
CROCOSMIA AUREA Bulb in shade or sun orange flowers in Winter deciduous F
DICLIPTERA CLINOPODIA Scrambling herb for damp areas in shade or sun fodder for antelope and butterflies mauve flowers in winter F
DICLIPTERA HETEROSTEGIA Herb for shade or sun excellent fodder for antelope and butterflies F
DIETES GRANDIFLORA Shade or sun iris fibrous roots white flowers in Spring F
PLANT NAMES DESCRIPTION
DIETES FLAVIDA Shade or sun blue/green foliage pale yellow flowers in Spring F
DIETES IRIDIOIDES White flowered shade smaller flowers in Spring F
DRIMIOPSIS MACULATA Green flowers small bulb in shade best sheltered F
DRACAENA ALETRIFORMIS Form plant for shade and shelter fruits for birds F
DROGUETIA INERS Shade loving groundcover food for antelope and butterflies low growing F
DYSCHORISTE DEPRESSA Low growing tough groundcover, butterfly larval food great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
EUCOMIS AUTUMNALIS Bulb pineapple-like flower yellow/green in Summer damp areas sun deciduous  
EULOPHIA SPECIOSA Ground orchid yellow flowers in Spring sun  
GAZANIA RIGENS Dune full sun silver leaves yellow flowers wind  
GLADIOLUS DALENII Bulb orange flowers in Spring or Autumn 2 forms sun  
GLORIOSA SUPERBA Creeping stems deciduous Flame lily sun deciduous  
HAEMANTHUS ALBIFLOS Bulbous plant in shade white flowers in Autumn F
HELICHRYSUM PLUMOSUM Dune scrambler sun yellow flowers silver underside to leaves  
HIBISCUS CALYPHYLLUS Forest edge herb yellow flowers dark centre full sun  
HYPOESTES ARISTATA Forest edge in sun winter flower mauve to white fodder for antelope and butterflies  
HYPOESTES FORSKAOLI Scrambling herb in sun or shade white flowers in winter fodder for antelope and insects  
HYPOXIS HEMEROCALLIDEA Bulb yellow flowers in Summer full sun  
IPOMOEA PES-CAPRAE Dune species creeper mauve flowers full sun  
ISOGLOSSA WOODII Dune understorey plant, shade, good bee nectar plant, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
JUSTICIA BETONICA Dune wind tolerant herb white flowers on stems good for insects sun  
JUSTICIA CAMPYLOSTEMON Greeny/yellow flowers shade and sheltered shrubby F
JUSTICIA FLAVA Perennial yellow flowered butterfly plant, sun, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
JUSTICIA PETIOLARIS Perennial blue flowers butterfly nectar, shade, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
JUSTICIA PROTRACTA Herb clumping habit full sun white flowers good for insects browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
KALANCHOE ROTUNDIFOLIA Orange flowered succulent semi-shade  
KNIPHOFIA ROOPERI Orange flowers in winter in damp areas full sun  
KNIPHOFIA PAUCIFLORA Yellow flowers in summer full sun low growing  
KNIPHOFIA TYSONII Large winter flowering full sun damp areas  
LAPORTEA PEDUNCULARIS Scrambling herb groundcover for shady areas or semi-shade insect and antelope fodder F
LEONOTIS DUBIA Orange flowers late in winter semi-shade  
LEONOTIS INTERMEDIA Orange flowers later in winter full sun broad leaves  
LEONOTIS LEONURUS Orange flowers middle winter full sun narrow leaves  
LIPPIA JAVANICA Sun pioneer small flowers good for insects 1metre  
MICROSORIUM SCOLOPENDRIUM Fern creeping dune species best in semi- shade F
NEMESIA DENTICULATA Pink flowers in damp spots full sun excellent for insects  
PLANT NAMES DESCRIPTION
OSTEOSPERMUM FRUTICOSUM Dune creeping daisy white flowers pioneer  
PERISTROPHE CERNUA Dune creeper mauve flowers winter, good for insects, great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
PHAULOPSIS IMBRICATA Scrambling herb for shade and sun white flowers great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker F
PLECTRANTHUS ZULUENSIS Scrambling herb shade sheltered F
PLECTRANTHUS STRIGOSUS Shade loving in dune slacks white flowers F
PLECTRANTHUS VERTICILLATUS Creeping low shade or semi-shade white flowers in Autumn F
PUPALIA LAPPACEA Scrambling herb with burrs food for browsers  
RHINACANTHUS GRACILIS Scrambling herb nectar and bushbuck fodder shade or sun F
RUMOHRA ADIANTHIFORMIS Creeping fern in shade F
SCABIOSA COLUMBARIA Pink flowers in Spring grassland species edge planting  
SCADOXUS MEMBRANACEUS Bulb shade late summer flowering dune understorey F
SCADOXUS PUNICEUS Bulb edge species semi-shade orange flowers in Spring F
TULBAGHIA SIMMLERI WAS T. FRAGRANS Bulb sun mauve flowers bedding plant  
TUBAGHIA VIOLACEA Bulb with mauve flowers scented full sun broad leaves bedding plant  
VERNONIA NATALENSIS Daisy in full sun silver leaves purple flowers insects  
ZANTEDESCHIA AETHIOPICA Sun or shade in damp spots white flowers  
CYCADS
ENCEPHALARTOS NATALENSIS Large cycad with stem dark green leaves semi-shade  
ENCEPHALARTOS VILLOSUS Stemless large arching leaves shade F
STANGERIA ERIOPUS Shade or sun fern-like leaves F
LAWN GRASSES    
DACTYLOCTENIUM AUSTRALE Semi-shade sun  
STENOTAPHRUM SECUNDATUM Coarse grass takes full sun and windy conditions  
FOREST UNDERSTOREY GRASSES
All these grasses attract forest seed-eating birds like Grey Waxbills and Green Twinspots
DIGITARIA DIVERSINERVIS Forest grass forms lawns cannot be walked on shade loving F
OPLISMENUS HIRTELLUS Same as above F
PSEUDECHINOLAENA POLYSTACHYA Dwarf species pale green in shade F
SETARIA MEGAPHYLLA Sun or shade loving forest grass tall flower spikes good for birds F
MARSH AND AQUATIC PLANTS
All the species listed below must be grown in full sun for best results. Those that are submerged aquatics are listed with an “A” after their names.
PLANT NAMES DESCRIPTION  
ASPILIA NATALENSIS Scandent scrambler full sun yellow daisy  
CENTELLA ASIATICA Scandent herb sun or shade  
COIX LACRYMA-JOBI Large grass with attractive seeds Job’s Tears  
COTULA NIGELLIFOLIA. pond edge species blue green leaves yellow button daisy flowers  
CRASSOCEPHALUM PICRIDIFOLIUM Scandent herb in wetlands with button-shaped canary yellow flowers  
CYPERUS ARTICULATUS Wand sedge up to 1 metre tall  
CYPERUS IMMENSUS Large sedge  
CYPERUS LATIFOLIUS Large sedge  
CYPERUS PROLIFER Dwarf sedge looks like a miniature Papyrus  
CYPERUS SEXANGULARIS Medium sedge  
CYPERUS TEXTILIS Medium sedge will take some shade  
DISSOTIS CANESCENS Wild tibouchina full sun smaller purple flowers to next plant  
DISSOTIS PRINCEPS Wild tibouchina full sun larger leaves and flowers  
GUNNERA PERPENSA Scandent large round leaves texture plant  
HYDROCOTYLE BONARIENSIS Creeping herb  
JUNCUS KRAUSSII Spiky matting rush form plant full sun  
ISOLEPIS PROLIFERA Pioneer sedge for damp edges forms a neat mat of foliage  
KNIPHOFIA ROOPERI Full sun large yellow flowers with orange in winter  
KNIPHOFIA TYSONII Full sun large red hot poker  
LAPORTEA PEDUNCULARIS Stinging nettle for damp areas sun or shade  
LOBELIA ANCEPS Low growing herb with blue flowers attractive groundcover  
LUDWIGIA OCTOVALVIS Shrub sun yellow flowers  
LUDWIGIA STOLONIFERA Floating edge plant yellow flowers  
MATRICARIA NIGELLIFOLIA Blue-grey leaves decumbent herb on stream edges with yellow daisy flowers  
NEPHROLEPIS BISERRATA giant sword fern for shady areas  
NESAEA RADICANS Herb purple fine flowers sun can take some shade  
NYMPHAEA NOUCHALI A blue water lily good for birds food and frogs

A

NYMPHOIDES INDICA A smaller yellow flowered lily type frogs and birds

A

PERSICARIA SENEGALENSIS Silver or green foliage plant for edges of ponds excellent bird food  
POTAMOGETON CRISPUS A brown waterweed good for birds food

A

POTAMOGETON SCHWEINFURTHII A larger leafed waterweed

A

POTAMOGETON THUNBERGII A medium water weed birds

A

PYCNOSTACHYS RETICULATA Mint family pinkish flowers birds shrub of about 2metres  
PYCNOSTACHYS URTICIFOLIA Mint family blue flowers full sun for edges of wetlands 2-3metres tall  
RANUNCULUS MULTIFIDUS Yellow buttercup full sun birds  
SCHOENOPLECTUS LITTORALIS OR S. SCIRPOIDES this wand sedge is a sculptural joy. Large up to 3 metres tall but worth it for ponds and their edges.  
STENOCHLAENA TENUIFOLIA robust creeping swamp forest fern for full sun or shade.  
ZANTEDESCHIA AETHIOPICA Sun or shade in damp spots white flowers  
   
   
CREEPERS    
PLANT NAMES

DESCRIPTION

 
ADENIA GUMMIFERA Green stemmed robust passion fruit family  
CISSUS FRAGILIS Grape family delicate creeper sun  
COCCINEA PALMATA Cucumber red fruits attractive to birds  
COMBRETUM BRACTEOSUM Red flowered creeper robust  
CYNANCHUM NATALITIUM Milkweed family good for insects  
CYNANCHUM OBOVATUM More dune loving small green flowers good for insects  
CYPHOSTEMMA FLAVIFLORUM Dune bush species common at Zimbali  
CYPHOSTEMMA HYPOLEUCUM Wild grape double barrelled stem quick growing  
EMBELIA RUMINATA Creeper with edible fruits for monkeys and other animals  
JASMINUM MULTIPARTITUM Dry sun loving wild jasmine white scented flowers  
JASMINUM STREPTOPUS Forest loving jasmine white flowers  
LAGENARIA SPHAERICA Large gem squash-like fruits large white flowers cucumber  
MOMORDICA BALSAMINA Cucumber orange fruits good for birds and monkeys  
MONDIA WHITEI Creeper in damp areas maroon flowers milky sap  
RHOICISSUS DIGITATA Wild grape robust creeper good for birds  
RHOICISSUS RHOMBOIDEA As above  
RHOICISSUS TOMENTOSA As above most robust of the wild grapes

F

SCUTIA MYRTINA Thorny scrambler great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
SENECIO BRACHYPODUS Semi-succulent yellow flowers in winter good for insects

F

SENECIO DELTOIDEUS Robust creeper small nectar rich flowers yellow and scented  
SENECIO MACROGLOSSUS Semi-succulent sun forest edge large pale yellow flower  
SENECIO TAMOIDES Canary creeper yellow flowers in winter quick grower  
TINOSPORA CAFFRA Succulent creeper in forests orange fruits good for everything

F

VERNONIA CHRYSANTHA    
VERNONIA ANGULIFOLIA    
ZEHNERIA PARVIFOLIA Annual cucumber small purple fruits heaven for birds  
PLANTS THAT ARE SUITABLE FOR DUNE PLANTING AND OTHER EXPOSED LOCALITIES AT ZIMBALI    
     
PLANT NAMES

DESCRIPTION

 
ACOKANTHERA OBLONGIFOLIA

Shrub for dunes sun for birds and mammals

 
ALOE THRASKII

Upright species single stems dune endemic to our coast orange flowers in Winter full sun takes wind

 
ASPARAGUS DENSIFLORUS

Dune groundcover red berries sun

 
BARLERIA OBTUSA

Creeping dune blue flowers best in sun takes wind

 
BRACHYLAENA DISCOLOR

Fast screen windbreak multi-stemmed falls about

 
CARISSA MACROCARPA

Dune shrub scented white flowers red fruits for birds hedging thorny

 
CHRYSNTHEMOIDES MONILIFERA

Shrub yellow flowers wind resistant god pioneer plant in dunes use this when all else fails full sun good for everything

 
CYNANCHUM OBOVATUM

More dune loving small green flowers good for insects

 
CYPHOSTEMMA FLAVIFLORUM

Dune bush species common at Zimbali

 
FICUS BURTT-DAVYI

Scrambling form sun and in wind fruits for birds

 
GAZANIA RIGENS

Full sun silver leaves yellow flowers wind

 
HELICHRYSUM PLUMOSUM

Scrambler sun yellow flowers silver underside to leaves

 
IPOMOEA BRASILIENSIS

Creeper mauve flowers dune species full sun

 
JUSTICIA BETONICA

Herb white flowers on stems good for insects sun

 
MAYTENUS NEMOROSA = GYMNOSPORIA ARENICOLA

Hedge thorny shrub in dunes fruits for everything

 
MAYTENUS PROCUMBENS

Dune shrub sun rapid growth takes wind

 
MIMUSOPS CAFFRA

Large tree windy areas fruits for birds and mammals

 
OSTEOSPERMUM FRUTICOSUM

Creeping dune daisy white flowers pioneer-

 
PERISTROPHE CERNUA

Dune creeping mauve flowers in Winter good for insect

 
PAVETTA REVOLUTA

Dune shrub sun multi-stemmed white flowers

 
PSYDRAX OBOVATA

Pioneer tree sun and wind good for birds and mammals

 
RHOICISSUS DIGITATA

Wild grape robust creeper good for birds

 
RHOICISSUS RHOMBOIDEA

As above

 
RHOICISSUS TOMENTOSA

As above most robust

F

RHUS NEBULOSA

Dune scrambler best in sun birds for seeds

 
SETARIA MEGAPHYLLA

Sun loving forest grass tall flower spikes good for birds

F

STRELITZIA NICOLAI

Sun large shrubby like multi-stemmed good for birds

 

Geoff Nichols (May 2007)

MARSH AND AQUATIC PLANTS
All the species listed below must be grown in full sun for best results. Those that are submerged aquatics are listed with an “A” after their names.
PLANT NAMES DESCRIPTION
ASPILIA NATALENSIS Scandent scrambler full sun yellow daisy  
CENTELLA ASIATICA Scandent herb sun or shade  
COIX LACRYMA-JOBI Large grass with attractive seeds Job’s Tears  
COTULA NIGELLIFOLIA. pond edge species blue green leaves yellow button daisy flowers  
CRASSOCEPHALUM PICRIDIFOLIUM Scandent herb in wetlands with button-shaped canary yellow flowers  
CYPERUS ARTICULATUS Wand sedge up to 1 metre tall  
CYPERUS IMMENSUS Large sedge  
CYPERUS LATIFOLIUS Large sedge  
CYPERUS PROLIFER Dwarf sedge looks like a miniature Papyrus  
CYPERUS SEXANGULARIS Medium sedge  
CYPERUS TEXTILIS Medium sedge will take some shade  
DISSOTIS CANESCENS Wild tibouchina full sun smaller purple flowers to next plant  
DISSOTIS PRINCEPS Wild tibouchina full sun larger leaves and flowers  
GUNNERA PERPENSA Scandent large round leaves texture plant  
HYDROCOTYLE BONARIENSIS Creeping herb  
JUNCUS KRAUSSII Spiky matting rush form plant full sun  
ISOLEPIS PROLIFERA Pioneer sedge for damp edges forms a neat mat of foliage  
KNIPHOFIA ROOPERI Full sun large yellow flowers with orange in winter  
KNIPHOFIA TYSONII Full sun large red hot poker  
LAPORTEA PEDUNCULARIS Stinging nettle for damp areas sun or shade  
LOBELIA ANCEPS Low growing herb with blue flowers attractive groundcover  
LUDWIGIA OCTOVALVIS Shrub sun yellow flowers  
LUDWIGIA STOLONIFERA Floating edge plant yellow flowers  
MATRICARIA NIGELLIFOLIA Blue-grey leaves decumbent herb on stream edges with yellow daisy flowers  
NEPHROLEPIS BISERRATA giant sword fern for shady areas  
NESAEA RADICANS Herb purple fine flowers sun can take some shade  
NYMPHAEA NOUCHALI A blue water lily good for birds food and frogs

A

NYMPHOIDES INDICA A smaller yellow flowered lily type frogs and birds

A

PERSICARIA SENEGALENSIS Silver or green foliage plant for edges of ponds excellent bird food  
POTAMOGETON CRISPUS A brown waterweed good for birds food

A

POTAMOGETON SCHWEINFURTHII A larger leafed waterweed

A

POTAMOGETON THUNBERGII A medium water weed birds

A

PYCNOSTACHYS RETICULATA Mint family pinkish flowers birds shrub of about 2metres  
PYCNOSTACHYS URTICIFOLIA Mint family blue flowers full sun for edges of wetlands 2-3metres tall  
RANUNCULUS MULTIFIDUS Yellow buttercup full sun birds  
SCHOENOPLECTUS LITTORALIS OR S. SCIRPOIDES this wand sedge is a sculptural joy. Large up to 3 metres tall but worth it for ponds and their edges.  
STENOCHLAENA TENUIFOLIA robust creeping swamp forest fern for full sun or shade.  
ZANTEDESCHIA AETHIOPICA Sun or shade in damp spots white flowers  
   
   
CREEPERS    
PLANT NAMES

DESCRIPTION

 
ADENIA GUMMIFERA Green stemmed robust passion fruit family  
CISSUS FRAGILIS Grape family delicate creeper sun  
COCCINEA PALMATA Cucumber red fruits attractive to birds  
COMBRETUM BRACTEOSUM Red flowered creeper robust  
CYNANCHUM NATALITIUM Milkweed family good for insects  
CYNANCHUM OBOVATUM More dune loving small green flowers good for insects  
CYPHOSTEMMA FLAVIFLORUM Dune bush species common at Zimbali  
CYPHOSTEMMA HYPOLEUCUM Wild grape double barrelled stem quick growing  
EMBELIA RUMINATA Creeper with edible fruits for monkeys and other animals  
JASMINUM MULTIPARTITUM Dry sun loving wild jasmine white scented flowers  
JASMINUM STREPTOPUS Forest loving jasmine white flowers  
LAGENARIA SPHAERICA Large gem squash-like fruits large white flowers cucumber  
MOMORDICA BALSAMINA Cucumber orange fruits good for birds and monkeys  
MONDIA WHITEI Creeper in damp areas maroon flowers milky sap  
RHOICISSUS DIGITATA Wild grape robust creeper good for birds  
RHOICISSUS RHOMBOIDEA As above  
RHOICISSUS TOMENTOSA As above most robust of the wild grapes

F

SCUTIA MYRTINA Thorny scrambler great browsing plant for Bushbuck & Duiker  
SENECIO BRACHYPODUS Semi-succulent yellow flowers in winter good for insects

F

SENECIO DELTOIDEUS Robust creeper small nectar rich flowers yellow and scented  
SENECIO MACROGLOSSUS Semi-succulent sun forest edge large pale yellow flower  
SENECIO TAMOIDES Canary creeper yellow flowers in winter quick grower  
TINOSPORA CAFFRA Succulent creeper in forests orange fruits good for everything

F

VERNONIA CHRYSANTHA    
VERNONIA ANGULIFOLIA    
ZEHNERIA PARVIFOLIA Annual cucumber small purple fruits heaven for birds  
 
PLANTS THAT ARE SUITABLE FOR DUNE PLANTING AND OTHER EXPOSED LOCALITIES AT ZIMBALI    
     
PLANT NAMES

DESCRIPTION

 
ACOKANTHERA OBLONGIFOLIA

Shrub for dunes sun for birds and mammals

 
ALOE THRASKII

Upright species single stems dune endemic to our coast orange flowers in Winter full sun takes wind

 
ASPARAGUS DENSIFLORUS

Dune groundcover red berries sun

 
BARLERIA OBTUSA

Creeping dune blue flowers best in sun takes wind

 
BRACHYLAENA DISCOLOR

Fast screen windbreak multi-stemmed falls about

 
CARISSA MACROCARPA

Dune shrub scented white flowers red fruits for birds hedging thorny

 
CHRYSNTHEMOIDES MONILIFERA

Shrub yellow flowers wind resistant god pioneer plant in dunes use this when all else fails full sun good for everything

 
CYNANCHUM OBOVATUM

More dune loving small green flowers good for insects

 
CYPHOSTEMMA FLAVIFLORUM

Dune bush species common at Zimbali

 
FICUS BURTT-DAVYI

Scrambling form sun and in wind fruits for birds

 
GAZANIA RIGENS

Full sun silver leaves yellow flowers wind

 
HELICHRYSUM PLUMOSUM

Scrambler sun yellow flowers silver underside to leaves

 
IPOMOEA BRASILIENSIS

Creeper mauve flowers dune species full sun

 
JUSTICIA BETONICA

Herb white flowers on stems good for insects sun

 
MAYTENUS NEMOROSA = GYMNOSPORIA ARENICOLA

Hedge thorny shrub in dunes fruits for everything

 
MAYTENUS PROCUMBENS

Dune shrub sun rapid growth takes wind

 
MIMUSOPS CAFFRA

Large tree windy areas fruits for birds and mammals

 
OSTEOSPERMUM FRUTICOSUM

Creeping dune daisy white flowers pioneer-

 
PERISTROPHE CERNUA

Dune creeping mauve flowers in Winter good for insect

 
PAVETTA REVOLUTA

Dune shrub sun multi-stemmed white flowers

 
PSYDRAX OBOVATA

Pioneer tree sun and wind good for birds and mammals

 
RHOICISSUS DIGITATA

Wild grape robust creeper good for birds

 
RHOICISSUS RHOMBOIDEA

As above

 
RHOICISSUS TOMENTOSA

As above most robust

F

RHUS NEBULOSA

Dune scrambler best in sun birds for seeds

 
SETARIA MEGAPHYLLA

Sun loving forest grass tall flower spikes good for birds

F

STRELITZIA NICOLAI

Sun large shrubby like multi-stemmed good for birds

 

Geoff Nichols (May 2007)

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